NEWS

📌 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: a high‑quality vintage in a tense pricing stand‑off

📌 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: a high‑quality vintage in a tense pricing stand‑off

The Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur campaign moved into a critical phase in June 2026, with key releases finally arriving into...

🌍 Climate study keeps long‑term fine‑wine risk firmly on the agenda

🌍 Climate study keeps long‑term fine‑wine risk firmly on the agenda

Major climate reviews continue to be cited in current coverage underlines a long‑term risk that fine‑wine collectors and investors can’t...

🔦 Champagne in the spotlight mature Noble Champagne at Lanson and Marilyn Monroe at Piper‑Heidsieck

🔦 Champagne in the spotlight: mature Noble Champagne at Lanson and Marilyn Monroe at Piper‑Heidsieck

June 2026 has brought two very different Champagne headlines: a high‑end gastronomic event built around rare old bottles of Lanson’s...

🌟 “A Truly Great Vintage”: UGCB Previews the Style of Bordeaux 2025

🌟 “A Truly Great Vintage”: UGCB Previews the Style of Bordeaux 2025

Just days before En Primeurs Week kicks off, the UGCB has offered a first stylistic snapshot of Bordeaux 2025, describing...

📌 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: a high‑quality vintage in a tense pricing stand‑off

📌 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: a high‑quality vintage in a tense pricing stand‑off

The Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur campaign moved into a critical phase in June 2026, with key releases finally arriving into a market that broadly agrees on the quality of the vintage but remains very cautious on price.

🌍 Climate study keeps long‑term fine‑wine risk firmly on the agenda

🌍 Climate study keeps long‑term fine‑wine risk firmly on the agenda

Major climate reviews continue to be cited in current coverage underlines a long‑term risk that fine‑wine collectors and investors can’t ignore: if global warming exceeds 2°C, up to 70% of existing wine regions could face substantial risk of losing suitability for grape growing.

🔦 Champagne in the spotlight mature Noble Champagne at Lanson and Marilyn Monroe at Piper‑Heidsieck

🔦 Champagne in the spotlight: mature Noble Champagne at Lanson and Marilyn Monroe at Piper‑Heidsieck

June 2026 has brought two very different Champagne headlines: a high‑end gastronomic event built around rare old bottles of Lanson’s Noble Champagne, and a limited‑edition release from Piper‑Heidsieck featuring Marilyn Monroe on the label.

🌟 “A Truly Great Vintage”: UGCB Previews the Style of Bordeaux 2025

🌟 “A Truly Great Vintage”: UGCB Previews the Style of Bordeaux 2025

Just days before En Primeurs Week kicks off, the UGCB has offered a first stylistic snapshot of Bordeaux 2025, describing it as a “truly great vintage” that combines early‑ripening fruit, density and remarkable freshness.

Columns

🍒🌹 Chambolle Evenings and the Taste of Change

🍒🌹 Chambolle Evenings and the Taste of Change

To truly understand wine, you have to drink it – ideally in the company of fellow explorers just as curious...

Le Pin Pomerol vertical tasting

⭐ Le Pin: From Lucky Experiment to Modern Bordeaux Icon

Le Pin may be one of Bordeaux’s youngest blue‑chip wines, but its story – from improvised barrel fermentations to Robert...

PYCM, Ramonet, Leflaive, Drouhin, Prieur and Dugat‑Py at the very summit of white Burgundy

🏔️ A Walk Back to the Roof of the World

Puligny and Chassagne grands crus in one night: PYCM, Ramonet, Leflaive, Drouhin, Prieur and Dugat‑Py at the very summit of...

🍷 Jean-Yves Bizot and the Elusive Nature of Time in Wine

🍷 Jean-Yves Bizot and the Elusive Nature of Time in Wine

The genius and craftsmanship of Jean-Yves Bizot defy understanding: his wines evolve and change from vintage to vintage, yet they...

🍒🌹 Chambolle Evenings and the Taste of Change

🍒🌹 Chambolle Evenings and the Taste of Change

To truly understand wine, you have to drink it – ideally in the company of fellow explorers just as curious as you are. This time, without any prior agreement, the evening turned into a Chambolle-Musigny focus around the wines of Nicolas Groffier, an undeniably gifted winemaker who has shaped a style entirely his own.

Le Pin Pomerol vertical tasting

⭐ Le Pin: From Lucky Experiment to Modern Bordeaux Icon

Le Pin may be one of Bordeaux’s youngest blue‑chip wines, but its story – from improvised barrel fermentations to Robert Parker‑driven cult status – has already become modern legend. A vertical tasting only confirmed that this tiny Pomerol remains a meticulous, no‑compromise benchmark with no truly “bad” vintages, only badly stored bottles.

PYCM, Ramonet, Leflaive, Drouhin, Prieur and Dugat‑Py at the very summit of white Burgundy

🏔️ A Walk Back to the Roof of the World

Puligny and Chassagne grands crus in one night: PYCM, Ramonet, Leflaive, Drouhin, Prieur and Dugat‑Py at the very summit of white Burgundy.

It was yet another walk to the Roof of the World. It is hard to imagine a more complex wine than Chardonnay grown on just 32.88 hectares within the borders of two villages, Puligny and Chassagne. That is precisely the combined surface of Montrachet, Chevalier-Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet and Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet – a true hotspot for every Burgundy wine fan and, for us this evening, the place to once again enjoy some of the greatest white wines on Earth...

🍷 Jean-Yves Bizot and the Elusive Nature of Time in Wine

🍷 Jean-Yves Bizot and the Elusive Nature of Time in Wine

The genius and craftsmanship of Jean-Yves Bizot defy understanding: his wines evolve and change from vintage to vintage, yet they always retain their unmistakable, unique style. His feeling for wine is as complex an idea as time itself – or rather, its passage. And just when we manage to grasp even a fraction of the meaning of his wines, they slip away and move ahead, just like time. At least, these are my impressions from his wines and from meeting Jean-Yves during a visit to his domaine many years ago.

Reviews

🍋 Guffens‑Heynen at Symbolic Wines: Four New Whites From Burgundy’s Great Non‑Conformist

🍋 Guffens‑Heynen at Symbolic Wines: Four New Whites From Burgundy’s Great Non‑Conformist

Few white‑wine producers inspire the kind of obsessive loyalty that Jean‑Marie Guffens does, and our latest arrivals at Symbolic Wines—four...

🥂 Chavost: Zero‑Sulphur Champagne With Real Character (and a Few Very Cool Side Roads)

🥂 Chavost: Zero‑Sulphur Champagne With Real Character (and a Few Very Cool Side Roads)

Chavost is one of the most interesting new names in Champagne for people who care about both wine and how...

🍾 Jacques Lassaigne: Montgueux Precision, Chalk, and One of Champagne’s Most Distinctive Blanc de Blancs Voices

🍾 Jacques Lassaigne: Montgueux Precision, Chalk, and One of Champagne’s Most Distinctive Blanc de Blancs Voices

Jacques Lassaigne is one of those Champagne names that instantly rewards attention: rooted in Montgueux, built on chalk, and known...

✨ 2025 Icons and Limestone Legends Why These New Futures Belong in a Serious Bordeaux Portfolio

✨ 2025 Icons and Limestone Legends: Why These New Futures Belong in a Serious Bordeaux Portfolio

Our next 2025 Bordeaux futures release at Symbolic Wines leans hard into the estates that are already shaping the narrative...

🍋 Guffens‑Heynen at Symbolic Wines: Four New Whites From Burgundy’s Great Non‑Conformist

🍋 Guffens‑Heynen at Symbolic Wines: Four New Whites From Burgundy’s Great Non‑Conformist

Few white‑wine producers inspire the kind of obsessive loyalty that Jean‑Marie Guffens does, and our latest arrivals at Symbolic Wines—four recent vintages under the Guffens‑Heynen label—show exactly why. From a “simple” Bourgogne Blanc built out of young vines and declassified top juice to a micro‑cuvée that distills the character of the Chavigne slope, each of these wines is rooted in specific, documented vineyard and cellar decisions rather than vague marketing stories.

🥂 Chavost: Zero‑Sulphur Champagne With Real Character (and a Few Very Cool Side Roads)

🥂 Chavost: Zero‑Sulphur Champagne With Real Character (and a Few Very Cool Side Roads)

Chavost is one of the most interesting new names in Champagne for people who care about both wine and how it’s made: a historic cooperative south of Épernay that has reinvented itself as a producer of zero‑sulphur, no‑additive wines with real personality. The bottles we’ve brought into Symbolic Wines—from Brut Nature Champagne to Coteaux Champenois and a solera‑aged Ratafia—tell that story in very different, but very coherent, ways.

🍾 Jacques Lassaigne: Montgueux Precision, Chalk, and One of Champagne’s Most Distinctive Blanc de Blancs Voices

🍾 Jacques Lassaigne: Montgueux Precision, Chalk, and One of Champagne’s Most Distinctive Blanc de Blancs Voices

Jacques Lassaigne is one of those Champagne names that instantly rewards attention: rooted in Montgueux, built on chalk, and known for a style that is precise, mineral, and deeply terroir-driven. The wines on Symbolic Wines reflect that identity clearly, making this a house that speaks directly to collectors who value personality, purity, and limited-production character.

✨ 2025 Icons and Limestone Legends Why These New Futures Belong in a Serious Bordeaux Portfolio

✨ 2025 Icons and Limestone Legends: Why These New Futures Belong in a Serious Bordeaux Portfolio

Our next 2025 Bordeaux futures release at Symbolic Wines leans hard into the estates that are already shaping the narrative of this five‑star, low‑yield vintage: Smith Haut Lafitte (red and white), Troplong Mondot, Clos Fourtet, Beauséjour Bécot, L’Eglise‑Clinet, Haut‑Brion (rouge and blanc), Vieux Château Certan, Figeac, La Conseillante, La Mondotte, La Violette, Ducru‑Beaucaillou, Pichon Baron, Léoville Las Cases, Château Montrose and the full Château Margaux trio (Grand Vin, Pavillon Rouge, Pavillon Blanc). These are the names the trade and critics are already calling out as reference points, and they are exactly where we believe long‑term collectors and investors should be looking in 2025.

Knowledge

🎯 Bordeaux 2025 Futures: Why Symbolic Wines Chose These Releases for Fine Wine Collectors and Investors

🎯 Bordeaux 2025 Futures: Why Symbolic Wines Chose These Releases for Fine Wine Collectors and Investors

Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur is quickly turning into a vintage where selectivity matters more than ever, and our decision at...

💸 Why Bordeaux 2025 Futures May Look Expensive Now – And Still Outperform After Bottling

💸 Why Bordeaux 2025 Futures May Look Expensive Now – And Still Outperform After Bottling

At first glance, some Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur release prices will feel punchy in a cautious market—but when you pair...

🍷 En Primeur Explained How Wine Futures Work and Why They Matter

🍷 En Primeur Explained: How Wine Futures Work and Why They Matter

En Primeur—often called “wine futures”—is the system that lets you reserve fine wines like top Bordeaux long before they are...

Sommelier Certification: CMS vs. WSET

Sommelier Basics Flashcards

Boost your wine knowledge with interactive Sommelier basics flashcards designed for students, wine enthusiasts, and hospitality professionals. Practice key concepts anytime, sharpen...

🎯 Bordeaux 2025 Futures: Why Symbolic Wines Chose These Releases for Fine Wine Collectors and Investors

🎯 Bordeaux 2025 Futures: Why Symbolic Wines Chose These Releases for Fine Wine Collectors and Investors

Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur is quickly turning into a vintage where selectivity matters more than ever, and our decision at Symbolic Wines to focus on a concise set of blue‑chip releases reflects that reality. The wines below all combine serious critical support, strong terroir credentials, and profiles that look built for long‑term performance in what is a small, high‑quality year.

💸 Why Bordeaux 2025 Futures May Look Expensive Now – And Still Outperform After Bottling

💸 Why Bordeaux 2025 Futures May Look Expensive Now – And Still Outperform After Bottling

At first glance, some Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur release prices will feel punchy in a cautious market—but when you pair the data on vintage quality, scarcity and historical pricing behavior, it becomes clear why carefully chosen 2025 futures could look underpriced in hindsight once the wines are bottled and mature.

🍷 En Primeur Explained How Wine Futures Work and Why They Matter

🍷 En Primeur Explained: How Wine Futures Work and Why They Matter

En Primeur—often called “wine futures”—is the system that lets you reserve fine wines like top Bordeaux long before they are bottled, securing allocations early and often at the most compelling moment in their life cycle.

Sommelier Certification: CMS vs. WSET

Sommelier Basics Flashcards

Boost your wine knowledge with interactive Sommelier basics flashcards designed for students, wine enthusiasts, and hospitality professionals. Practice key concepts anytime, sharpen tasting vocabulary, and build confidence for exams or service on the floor in minutes a day.

Quizzes

Sommelier Basics

Sommelier Basics Quiz

A sommelier is far more than a "wine steward." The role is multifaceted, demanding expertise as a beverage specialist, a...

Wine Quizzes on Symbolicwines.com

Quiz: Check Your Sommelier Skills!

Welcome to this neat little somm knowledge quiz! Whether you're a MS, an enthusiast, or simply curious about the fascinating...

Wine Quizzes on Symbolicwines.com

Quiz: Check Your Winemaking Skills

We made this quiz for those whose knowledge is more than just tannins and acidity. Check if you’re a beginner,...

Sommelier Basics

Sommelier Basics Quiz

A sommelier is far more than a "wine steward." The role is multifaceted, demanding expertise as a beverage specialist, a floor manager, a salesperson, an inventory controller, and an educator. Take the quiz and find out how well you know fine wines! 

Or practice key concepts anytime, sharpen tasting vocabulary, and build confidence for exams or service on the floor in minutes a day with our Flashcards.

Wine Quizzes on Symbolicwines.com

Quiz: Check Your Sommelier Skills!

Welcome to this neat little somm knowledge quiz! Whether you're a MS, an enthusiast, or simply curious about the fascinating world of wine, this quiz is going to be fun! On Symbolicwines.com we try to educate and entertain at the same time.

Wine Quizzes on Symbolicwines.com

Quiz: Check Your Winemaking Skills

We made this quiz for those whose knowledge is more than just tannins and acidity. Check if you’re a beginner, intermediate, advanced or expert!

Wine heros

“Laisse Tomber”: How Bastian Wolber Turned an Accident into One of Burgundy’s Most Talked‑About Micro‑Labels

“Laisse Tomber”: How Bastian Wolber Turned an Accident into One of Burgundy’s Most Talked‑About Micro‑Labels

“Laisse Tomber” literally means “let it fall” in French, but for Bastian Wolber it became a manifesto: accept the accident,...

📜 Michel Rolland: Architect of Modern Premium Winemaking

Michel Rolland: Architect of Modern Premium Winemaking

Michel Rolland, the globetrotting Bordeaux oenologist whose consulting reshaped premium wines worldwide, died on March 20, 2026, from a sudden...

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte passed away at the age of 81

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte and a gentle giant of the Bordeaux wine world, passed...

Jean-Pierre Robinot

Jean-Pierre Robinot: The Loire Legend of Zero-Sulphur Sincérité

Jean-Pierre Robinot is a legendary figure in the world of natural wine, recognized globally for his uncompromising, zero-sulphur approach and...

“Laisse Tomber”: How Bastian Wolber Turned an Accident into One of Burgundy’s Most Talked‑About Micro‑Labels

“Laisse Tomber”: How Bastian Wolber Turned an Accident into One of Burgundy’s Most Talked‑About Micro‑Labels

“Laisse Tomber” literally means “let it fall” in French, but for Bastian Wolber it became a manifesto: accept the accident, follow the fruit, and make the most honest, transparent wines you can from whatever great terroir life puts in front of you.

📜 Michel Rolland: Architect of Modern Premium Winemaking

Michel Rolland: Architect of Modern Premium Winemaking

Michel Rolland, the globetrotting Bordeaux oenologist whose consulting reshaped premium wines worldwide, died on March 20, 2026, from a sudden heart attack at age 78. Born on December 24, 1947, in Libourne, France, he grew up on his family's Château Le Bon Pasteur estate in Pomerol, immersing himself in Right Bank Merlot culture.

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte passed away at the age of 81

Daniel Cathiard, the visionary owner of Château Smith Haut Lafitte and a gentle giant of the Bordeaux wine world, passed away in the night from Wednesday to Thursday, at the age of 81.

Jean-Pierre Robinot

Jean-Pierre Robinot: The Loire Legend of Zero-Sulphur Sincérité

Jean-Pierre Robinot is a legendary figure in the world of natural wine, recognized globally for his uncompromising, zero-sulphur approach and his devotion to the distinct terroirs of the Loire Valley, specifically the Jasnières and Coteaux du Loir areas near Chahaignes. A true pioneer, Robinot’s journey began not in the vineyards, but as a crucial player in legitimizing the natural wine movement in Paris.

5 wine facts

🍷 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur A Bright, Creamy Vintage with Classic Bones — Five Key Facts About the 2025 Growing Season

🍷 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: A Bright, Creamy Vintage with Classic Bones — 5 Key Facts About the 2025 Growing Season

Tasting Bordeaux 2025 en primeur means tasting unfinished wines, yet the juices in the glass already carry a clear promise:...

Cellaring Mistakes That Kill Fine-Wine Value

Cellaring Mistakes That Kill Fine-Wine Value: 5 Facts You Can’t Ignore

A truly collectible wine is not just about origin or score — it’s about how well you preserve it. Below...

Auction Houses vs Retail Release

Auction Houses vs Retail Release: 5 Facts Every Fine-Wine Collector Should Know

For collectors of premium European and American wines, understanding how retail release prices differ from auction results can determine whether...

Wine facts about Corks

5 Wine Facts: the Corks

Whether punched from ancient bark or spun in a lab, the cork is more than a plug—it’s part of the...

🍷 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur A Bright, Creamy Vintage with Classic Bones — Five Key Facts About the 2025 Growing Season

🍷 Bordeaux 2025 En Primeur: A Bright, Creamy Vintage with Classic Bones — 5 Key Facts About the 2025 Growing Season

Tasting Bordeaux 2025 en primeur means tasting unfinished wines, yet the juices in the glass already carry a clear promise: the signature of their vintage and their terroir, shaped by a year that was early, small in volume and surprisingly balanced.

Cellaring Mistakes That Kill Fine-Wine Value

Cellaring Mistakes That Kill Fine-Wine Value: 5 Facts You Can’t Ignore

A truly collectible wine is not just about origin or score — it’s about how well you preserve it. Below are five facts every collector should remember before storing another bottle.

Auction Houses vs Retail Release

Auction Houses vs Retail Release: 5 Facts Every Fine-Wine Collector Should Know

For collectors of premium European and American wines, understanding how retail release prices differ from auction results can determine whether your cellar appreciates in value or quietly loses potential. Here are five essential facts to guide your strategy.

Wine facts about Corks

5 Wine Facts: the Corks

Whether punched from ancient bark or spun in a lab, the cork is more than a plug—it’s part of the wine’s identity.

Wine regions

Bordeaux's Left Bank and Right Bank

Left Bank vs. Right Bank: It’s More Than Water Under the Bridge

A comprehensive guide to the differences between Bordeaux's Left Bank and Right Bank. Explore the unique terroir, dominant grape varieties,...

Rhone Valley Wines: North VS South

North vs. South: A Quick Guide to Rhône Valley

The northern and southern Rhône are like twin sisters—similar yet completely different. It would take long to understand them both,...

Californian wine brief history

Brief but complete history of Californian winemaking

This history of winemaking is probably one of the youngest but also it’s the most exciting one. From the first...

Wine route of Burgundy

Wine regions: Burgundy

Welcome to the detailed guide to Burgundy’s wines. Here you can find Burgundy’s ancient winemaking history, grape varieties, main AOCs,...

Bordeaux's Left Bank and Right Bank

Left Bank vs. Right Bank: It’s More Than Water Under the Bridge

A comprehensive guide to the differences between Bordeaux's Left Bank and Right Bank. Explore the unique terroir, dominant grape varieties, and wine styles that define these two iconic regions. Learn why these distinctions matter to wine collectors and discover your next favorite bottle.

Rhone Valley Wines: North VS South

North vs. South: A Quick Guide to Rhône Valley

The northern and southern Rhône are like twin sisters—similar yet completely different. It would take long to understand them both, but we've created a clear guide so you'll never confuse them again. 

Californian wine brief history

Brief but complete history of Californian winemaking

This history of winemaking is probably one of the youngest but also it’s the most exciting one. From the first missionaries and gold miners to Robert Parker and TikTok bloggers – this article features all the key moments of California wine history. 

Wine route of Burgundy

Wine regions: Burgundy

Welcome to the detailed guide to Burgundy’s wines. Here you can find Burgundy’s ancient winemaking history, grape varieties, main AOCs, and some of the most notable wines.

Grape Varieties

🕯️ Chenin Blanc: The Luminous Shape-Shifter of the Loire

🕯️ Chenin Blanc: The Luminous Shape-Shifter of the Loire

While many white grapes are defined by a single, predictable character, Chenin Blanc is the ultimate chameleon of the wine...

🍇 The Rebirth of Pineau d'Aunis: The Loire's Peppery, Ancient Red

🍇 The Rebirth of Pineau d'Aunis: The Loire's Peppery, Ancient Red

The Pineau d'Aunis grape is enjoying a dramatic resurgence, championed by pioneering natural winemakers like Jean-Pierre Robinot. Once a dominant...

Merlot grape variety

Grape Varieties: Merlot

Merlot has earned its place in the pantheon of great grapes. The most famous Merlots hail from Pomerol and Saint-Émilion,...

Ripe Sauvignon blanc

Grape Varieties: Sauvignon Blanc

Sauvignon Blanc is the most prominent and famous aromatic white variety. It’s origin is in Loire and Bordeaux but it...

🕯️ Chenin Blanc: The Luminous Shape-Shifter of the Loire

🕯️ Chenin Blanc: The Luminous Shape-Shifter of the Loire

While many white grapes are defined by a single, predictable character, Chenin Blanc is the ultimate chameleon of the wine world, a variety capable of expressing every vinous emotion from bone-dry tension to honeyed decadence. In the cool, northern fringes of the Loire Valley, this grape finds its most radical and luminous expression through a winemaking process that prioritizes elemental purity and the agonizingly slow passage of time.

🍇 The Rebirth of Pineau d'Aunis: The Loire's Peppery, Ancient Red

🍇 The Rebirth of Pineau d'Aunis: The Loire's Peppery, Ancient Red

The Pineau d'Aunis grape is enjoying a dramatic resurgence, championed by pioneering natural winemakers like Jean-Pierre Robinot. Once a dominant red grape in the Loire Valley, Pineau d'Aunis faded into obscurity but is now celebrated by sommeliers and collectors for its unique structural profile, signature white pepper notes, and vibrant acidity.

Merlot grape variety

Grape Varieties: Merlot

Merlot has earned its place in the pantheon of great grapes. The most famous Merlots hail from Pomerol and Saint-Émilion, such as the legendary Château Pétrus.

Ripe Sauvignon blanc

Grape Varieties: Sauvignon Blanc

Sauvignon Blanc is the most prominent and famous aromatic white variety. It’s origin is in Loire and Bordeaux but it found a new home all across the world, showing many kinds of aromatic profiles depending on the terroir and the winemaker’s techniques.

How wine is made

Malolactic fermentation

All You Need to Know About Malolactic Fermentation

Why do some wines have a creamy texture and buttery taste, while others are sharp? The secret lies in malolactic...

Champagne

The mystery of Champagne making

The process of Champagne making, broken down into steps, types of Champagnes and the best examples of them – in...

how rose wine is made

How wine is made: rose wine

Rose wine may be very different – from deep-coloured and full-bodied, to light and pale. It all depends on the...

how red wine is made

How wine is made: red dry wine

Guide to red winemaking. What defines red wine and how does the process of red vinification differ from white and...

Malolactic fermentation

All You Need to Know About Malolactic Fermentation

Why do some wines have a creamy texture and buttery taste, while others are sharp? The secret lies in malolactic fermentation – the conversion of sharp malic acid into soft lactic acid. It smooths out the profile of the wine and gives it a creamy, buttery flavor. Here’s what you need to know about malolactic.

Champagne

The mystery of Champagne making

The process of Champagne making, broken down into steps, types of Champagnes and the best examples of them – in the text below.
how rose wine is made

How wine is made: rose wine

Rose wine may be very different – from deep-coloured and full-bodied, to light and pale. It all depends on the winemaking process. Let’s look at rose from a winemaker’s point of view.

how red wine is made

How wine is made: red dry wine

Guide to red winemaking. What defines red wine and how does the process of red vinification differ from white and rose.